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ABSTRACT New viruses of the Picornavirales order have been discovered with the increase in the number of sequences obtained by high-throughput sequencing, as well as human stool-associated RNA virus (husavirus [HuV]), found in human stool samples. However, there is much to be clarified about HuV. Its cellular host, evolutionary history, and other biological characteristics are still unknown. Therefore, samples collected from human beings and environmental samples in a watershed in Southern Brazil were processed for the metagenomic library. Upon metagenomic analysis, we identified a HuV (husavirus LMM_67754 OP019707) genome with 8,846 bp, which was reported for the first time in Southern Brazil. The new genome presents only 37% of nucleotide identity with Brazilian strains and more than 90% with genomes from China, Vietnam, Venezuela, and the Netherlands. The HuV phylogeny presents significant differences among genomes, probably because multiple introductions of the virus may have occurred. Many questions still need to be answered about HuV. Therefore, more sequences and studies on this virus are necessary to improve the comprehension of the unknown origin of Picornavirales.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365005

Chikungunya virus infection in the southernmost state of Brazil was characterised by self-limited transmission (2017-2019) and a larger 2021 outbreak
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Gregianini, Tatiana Schäffer

; Salvato, Richard Steiner

; Barcellos, Regina Bones

; Godinho, Fernanda Marques

; Ruivo, Amanda Pellenz

; de Melo, Viviane Horn

; Schroder, Júlio Augusto

; Martiny, Fernanda Letícia

; Möllmann, Erica Bortoli

; Favreto, Cátia

; Baethgen, Ludmila Fiorenzano

; Ferreira, Vithoria Pompermaier

; de Lima, Lívia Eidt

; Piazza, Cláudia Fasolo

; Machado, Taís Raquel Marcon

; Becker, Irina Marieta

; Ramos, Raquel Rocha

; Frölich, Guilherme Carey

; Rossetti, Alana Fraga

; Almeida, Lucas da Cunha

; Rodrigues, Tahiana Machado Antunes

; Bragança, Isabella Tabelli

; Campos, Aline Alves Scarpellini

; Manzoni, Verônica Baú

; Machado, Lais Ceschini

; da Silva, Luisa Maria Inácio

; de Oliveira, André Luiz Sá

; Paiva, Marcelo Henrique Santos

; Nunes, Zenaida Marion Alves

; de Almeida, Paula Rodrigues

; Demoliner, Meriane

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; da Silva, Mariana Soares

; Filippi, Micheli

; Pereira, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

; da Veiga, Ana Beatriz Gorini

; Wallau, Gabriel Luz

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e220259

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus that has been causing large outbreaks in the Americas since 2014. In Brazil, Asian-Caribbean (AC) and East-Central-South-African (ECSA) genotypes have been detected and lead to large outbreaks in several Brazilian states. In Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the southernmost state of Brazil, the first cases were reported in 2016. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We employed genome sequencing and epidemiological investigation to characterise the Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) burden in RS between 2017-2021. FINDINGS We detected an increasing CHIKF burden linked to travel associated introductions and communitary transmission of distinct lineages of the ECSA genotype during this period. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Until 2020, CHIKV introductions were most travel associated and transmission was limited. Then, in 2021, the largest outbreak occurred in the state associated with the introduction of a new ECSA lineage. CHIKV outbreaks are likely to occur in the near future due to abundant competent vectors and a susceptible population, exposing more than 11 million inhabitants to an increasing infection risk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220259

SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A perspective from environmental virology
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Demoliner, Meriane

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; Girardi, Viviane

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Weber, Matheus Nunes

; Eisen, Ana Karolina Antunes

; Fleck, Juliane Deise

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 1 elocation e20200228

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract December 2019 marked the beginning of the current Coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The alarming spread levels and clinical severity elevated the status of COVID-19 to the global pandemic by the World Health Organization. In 6 months, more than 25 million cases of infected people and more than 890,000 deaths by COVID-19 had been reported worldwide. The main goal of this review is to shed light upon the current COVID-19 epidemic situation in Brazil with a health approach highlighting some unique environmental, animal and epidemiological aspects.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0228 1077 downloads

Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant in Southern Brazil and reinfection of the same patient by P.2
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Silva, Mariana Soares da

; Demoliner, Meriane

; Hansen, Alana Witt

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; Silveira, Flávio

; Heldt, Fágner Henrique

; Filippi, Micheli

; Pereira, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes

; Silva, Francini Pereira da

; Mallmann, Larissa

; Fink, Pietra

; Silva, Luana Letícia da

; Weber, Matheus Nunes

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Fleck, Juliane Deise

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e58

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Multiple variants of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) have been constantly reported across the world. The B.1.1.28 lineage has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 and originated the P.1 variant of concern (VOC), recently named as the Gamma variant by the newly WHO nomenclature proposal, and P.2 as a variant of interest (VOI). Here we describe an early case of P.1 primary infection in Southern Brazil in late November 2020, soon after the emergence of the variant in Manaus, Northern Brazil. The same male patient was reinfected by another B.1.1.28 variant, namely P.2, in March, 2021. The genomic analysis confirmed genetically significant differences between the two viruses recovered in both infections, the P.1 lineage in the first episode and P.2 in the reinfection. Due the very early detection of P.1, we have also investigated the circulation of P.1 in the same region by differential RT-qPCR, showing that this was an isolated case of P.1 at the time of detection, and this variant has disseminated and became prominent from late January to the end of March, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 recent reports of reinfection have raised critical questions on whether and how well a first infection protects against reinfection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163058 374 downloads

Emerging Porcine adenovirus PAdV-SVN1 and other enteric viruses in samples of industrialized meat by-products
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Souza, Fernanda Gil de

; Lima, Artur Fogaça

; Girardi, Viviane

; Machado, Thalles Guillem

; Brandalise, Victória

; Filippi, Micheli

; Henzel, Andréia

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Rigotto, Caroline

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 Nº 12 elocation e20180931

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: As doenças transmitidas por alimentos são frequentemente descritas e relacionadas ao consumo de alimentos ou água contaminados, sendo alguns agentes virais importantes fontes de contaminação e frequentemente encontrados em alimentos de origem animal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar patógenos entéricos emergentes em amostras de alimentos industrializados de origem animal coletados em estabelecimentos da região sul do Brasil. Nas amostras analisadas, não foi detectado o genoma do vírus da Hepatite E (HEV). No entanto, 21,8% (21/96) das amostras foram positivas para Rotavírus (RV) e 61,4% (59/96) para adenovírus (AdV), incluindo Adenovírus humano-C (HAdV-C), Adenovírus porcino-3 (PAdV-3) e novo tipo de suíno adenovírus PAdV-SVN1. No presente trabalho, é descrito pela primeira vez em alimentos a presença de PAdV-SVN1. A presença desses vírus pode estar relacionada à falta de higiene em locais de preparo de alimentos, manipulação de produção.

ABSTRACT: Foodborne diseases are often related to consumption of contaminated food or water. Viral agents are important sources of contamination and frequently reported in food of animal origin. The goal of this study was to detect emerging enteric viruses in samples of industrialized foods of animal origin collected in establishments from southern of Brazil. In the analyzed samples, no Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genome was detected. However, 21.8% (21/96) of the samples were positive for Rotavirus (RVA) and 61.4% (59/96) for Adenovirus (AdV), including Human adenovirus-C (HAdV-C), Porcine adenovirus-3 (PAdV-3) and new type of porcine adenovirus PAdV-SVN1. In the present research, PAdV-SVN1 was detected in foods for the first time. The presence of these viruses may be related to poor hygiene in sites of food preparation, production or during handling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180931 664 downloads

Soil contamination of a public park by human and canine mastadenovirus, as well as hookworms and Toxocara spp eggs
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Eisen, Ana Karolina Antunes

; Demoliner, Meriane

; Oliveira, Kelen Gras de

; Troian, Eduardo Artur

; Mallmann, Larissa

; Filippi, Micheli

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2019, Volume 61 elocation e60

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Public parks are leisure environments widely used by both, adults and children, often accompained by their pets. Soil contamination of these environments by enteric viruses and intestinal parasites occurs through these animals feces. The aim of this work was to detect Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (CPV-1) and different species of Mastadenovirus in soils samples from a park located in a medium-sized city in Brazil and evaluate the presence of helminth eggs and larvae in 18 points of a public park soil samples, as well as feces found on this site during six months. Parasitological analyzes were conducted through flotation and sedimentation techniques, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for viral detection. Of the 216 soil and 16 feces samples, 49% (106/216) and 12% (2/16) were positivefor nematodes larvae, respectively, through sedimentation techniques. Toxocara spp eggs were found in one soil sample and one feces sample, Trichuris spp eggs were found in only one feces sample and Hookworms eggs were found in four soil samples. After reconstruction work in the streets near the park, 30% (64/216) of the samples were positive for Human Mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C), 1.4% (3/216) for HAdV-E and 0.4% (1/216) for Canine Mastadenovirus A (CAdV-A). The parasitic forms found in this study have demonstrated that the contamination of the park’s soil pose a threat to human and animal health. This was the first study to report the presence of HAdVs and CAdVs in soil samples.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961060 889 downloads

Low occurrence of Hepatitis A virus in water samples from an urban area of Southern Brazil
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Souza, Fernanda Gil de

; Silva, Francini Pereira da

; Staggemeier, Rodrigo

; Rigotto, Caroline

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2018, Volume 60 elocation e69

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a member of Picornaviridae family, is the main causative agent of acute viral hepatitis in the world, mainly in developing countries. HAV may be present in contaminated water and food and its presence is often associated to a lesser extent with socioeconomic factors and environmental quality. The main goals in the present study were to standardize a cell culture combined to a polymerase chain reaction protocol for the detection and quantification of viral viability and analyze whether the virus could be found in water samples collected in four urban streams of Sinos River watershed. Virus recovery was assayed from known virus concentrations measured in experimentally contaminated raw and ultrapure water (MilliQ®). Recovery rates ranged from 270% in raw water to 15,000% in ultrapure water. In a second step, a qPCR coupled to a previous passage in cells, demonstrated more analytical sensitivity when compared to samples assayed without a previous passage in cell cultures. HAV genome was detected in only 1 of 84 samples analyzed, pointing to a very low occurrence of HAV in water samples in the studied region. These findings are remarkable, since no more than 5% of the domestic sewage in this area is treated pointing to a low occurrence of HAV in the population living nearby during the study period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201860069 1020 downloads

Efficacy of a solar still in destroying virus and indicator bacteria in water for human consumption
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Nascimento, Felipe Tiago do

; Nascimento, Carlos Augusto do

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

; Staggemeier, Rodrigo

; Lauer Júnior, Cláudio Marcos

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2018, Volume 13 Nº 4 elocation e2084

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A destilação natural da água pode destruir e/ou inativar microorganismos que são sensíveis ao calor e a radiação ultravioleta (UV). Este método é utilizado, atualmente, para fornecer água potável em navios e para dessalinização de água salobra. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, um destilador solar em escala piloto foi construído e instalado na região sul do Brasil de forma a se verificar a eficiência do equipamento na desinfecção de água. A verificação de eficiência do equipamento foi baseada na determinação do número mais provável (NMP) de coliformes totais e Escherichia coli bem como no número de cópias de DNA do adenovírus humano tipo 5 (HAdV-5) em amostras de água antes e após a destilação. Os resultados demonstraram que houve 100% de remoção de coliformes totais e E. coli e 4,5 log (99,997%) de remoção de HAdV-5 após a destilação, o que está de acordo com o padrão microbiológico de potabilidade determinado pela legislação brasileira, pela USEPA e pela HEALTH CANADA.

Abstract Natural water distillation can destroy and/or inactivate microorganisms that are sensitive to heat and ultraviolet radiation (UV). This method is currently used to provide fresh water in ships and in the desalination of brackish water. For the development of this research, a pilot-scale solar still was built and installed in the southern region of Brazil, in order to assess its efficiency in water disinfection, which was based on the most probable number (MPN) of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, in addition to the DNA copy number of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) in raw, undistilled samples and in treated distilled water. Results showed that the distillation process removed 100% of total coliform and Escherichia coli and 4.5 log (99.997%) of HAdV-5, which meets the microbiological standards for drinking water according to national Brazilian regulations, as well as USEPA and HEALTH CANADA requirements.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2084 2715 downloads

Contaminação viral e bacteriana em águas subterrâneas na porção aflorante do Aquífero Guaraní, município de Ivoti, RS
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Luz, Roger Bordin da

; Staggemeier, Rodrigo

; Fratta, Leila Xavier Sinigaglia

; Longo, Larisse

; Schutz, Rafael

; Soliman, Mayra Cristina

; Kluge, Mariana

; Fabres, Rafael Bandeira

; Schenkel, Guilherme Corrêa

; Bruni, Fabrício Prestes

; Fleck, Juliane Deise

; Picoli, Simone Ulrich

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista Ambiente & Água

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Out 2017, Volume 12 Nº 5 Páginas 871 - 880

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O abastecimento de água do município de Ivoti provém unicamente de origem subterrânea. A potabilidade da água subterrânea do município foi avaliada através da análise de marcadores bacterianos (Escherichia coli e coliformes totais) e virais (adenovírus, enterovírus e rotavírus) de contaminação. Vinte e sete amostras de água provenientes de poços artesianos, poços cavados e fontes foram coletadas entre fevereiro e abril de 2011. A determinação do número mais provável (NMP) de E. coli e coliformes totais em 100 mL foi realizada pelo método dos tubos múltiplos. Os marcadores virais foram analisados em alíquotas de 500 mL por reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Coliformes totais foram encontrados em 66,6% das amostras. A contaminação encontrada para coliformes termotolerantes foi de 25,9%, 40,7% para adenovírus e 22,2% para rotavírus. Nenhuma amostra apresentou enterovírus. A presença de coliformes e de vírus nas amostras indica contaminação fecal da água subterrânea no local de estudo, situado na porção aflorante do Aquífero Guarani e alerta para a necessidade de precaução quanto ao uso destes mananciais para abastecimento público, captação individual e cultivo de hortaliças.

Abstract The water supply of the municipality of Ivoti comes solely from an underground source. The potability of groundwater in the municipality was evaluated by analyzing bacterial (Escherichia coli and total coliforms) and viral (adenovirus, enterovirus and rotavirus) markers for contamination. Twenty-seven water samples from artesian wells, dug wells and springs were collected between February and April 2011. The determination of the most probable number (MPN) of E. coli and total coliforms in 100 mL was performed by the multiple-tube method. Viral markers were analyzed in 500 mL aliquots by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total coliforms were found in 66.6% of samples. Contamination found for E. coli was 25.9%, 40.7% for adenovirus and 22.2% for rotavirus. Enterovirus was not found. The presence of coliform bacteria and viruses in the samples indicates fecal contamination of groundwater at the study site, located in the recharge portion of the Guarani Aquifer and suggests the need of caution regarding the use of these water sources for public water supply, individual water catchment and farming.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2068 3281 downloads

10.

Variáveis intervenientes na existência de comitês de bacias hidrográficas no Brasil
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Feil, Alexandre André

; Strasburg, Vírgilio José

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista Ambiente & Água

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Abr 2017, Volume 12 Nº 2 Páginas 340 - 350

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A gestão de bacias hidrográficas por meio de comitês é essencial na mediação entre a oferta e a demanda de água para consumo doméstico, industrial, agrícola, lazer, entre outros usos da água. Uma gestão exitosa pode ocorrer por meio da identificação e compreensão das características socioeconômicas, demográficas, entre outras, e assim formatar as práticas adotadas pelos comitês. Neste contexto, o escopo central deste estudo consistiu em analisar as variáveis intervenientes relacionadas aos aspectos geográficos, demográficos, socioeconômicos e a existência de comitê de bacias. A metodologia consiste na abordagem quantitativa, empregando-se uma pesquisa documental secundária e sua análise ocorreu por meio da aplicação da estatística descritiva e do teste de correlação de Pearson. Os principais resultados evidenciam que a explicação da existência de comitês de bacias hidrográficas relaciona-se com o tamanho da população que promove maior pressão à medida que aumenta. Além disso, evidenciou-se que a existência de comitês de bacias correlaciona-se com: crescimento econômico, quantidade de conflitos pelos múltiplos usos, coleta de esgotos e nível de degradação da qualidade ambiental. Conclui-se, portanto, que de fato existem variáveis intervenientes para a existência de comitês de bacias e que eles são necessários para a gestão eficiente destas variáveis.

Abstract Watershed management through committees is essential in mediating between water supply and demand for domestic consumption, as well as industrial, agricultural, leisure, and other uses of water. Successful management can occur through the identification and comprehension of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, among others, and therefore, these help shape the practices adopted by the committees. In this context, the central objective of this study was to analyse the intervening variables related to the geographic, demographic, socioeconomic aspects and the existence of a basin committee. The methodology consisted of a quantitative approach, using previously published documents and analysis applying descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation test. The main results showed that the existence of a watershed committee is correlated with the size of the population, which promotes greater pressure as it increases. In addition, it was observed that the creation of committees is related to economic growth, number of conflicts for multiple uses, sewage collection and level of environmental quality degradation. We conclude, therefore, that in fact there are intervening variables for the existence of river basin committees and that the committees are necessary for the efficient management of those variables.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.1828 1669 downloads

11.

Seasonal variation on the presence of adenoviruses in stools from non-diarrheic patients
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Vetter, Michele Regina

; Staggemeier, Rodrigo

; Vecchia, Andréia Dalla

; Henzel, Andréia

; Rigotto, Caroline

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Set 2015, Volume 46 Nº 3 Páginas 749 - 752

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Human adenoviruses (HAdV), members of the Adenoviridae family, are excreted through the fecal route and may be present in the feces of humans consuming contaminated food or water. The presence of HAdV from different serotypes in the feces of healthy individuals was already reported using conventional polymerase chain reaction; however, real-time PCR (qPCR) may reveal not only the rates of detection as well as demonstrate the viral loads excreted by healthy persons. Aiming to identify and characterize the presence of adenoviruses in stool samples, 147 fecal samples from patients with no records of diarrhea were analyzed (74 from winter season and 73 from summer) by Real-Time PCR (qPCR) assay and conventional PCR. HAdV genome was present in 43.8% (32/73) of stools samples collected during summer season and 21.6% (16/74) during winter. The rate of detection of genomic copies (gc) ranged from 4.04×102 to 6.72×105gc/g of feces among the 147 samples analyzed, of which the ranged of genomic copies of DNA HAdV was major in summer. All samples were negative when tested for rotaviruses (RV) and noroviruses (NoV) by PCR conventional and qPCR respectively. HAdV is excreted constantly by infected individuals in the absence of clinical signs and the occurrence may vary seasonally.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-838246320140718 1638 downloads

12.

QUANTITATIVE VS. CONVENTIONAL PCR FOR DETECTION OF HUMAN ADENOVIRUSES IN WATER AND SEDIMENT SAMPLES
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STAGGEMEIER, Rodrigo

; BORTOLUZZI, Marina

; HECK, Tatiana Moraes da Silva

; SPILKI, Fernando Rosado

; ALMEIDA, Sabrina Esteves de Matos

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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Ago 2015, Volume 57 Nº 4 Páginas 299 - 303

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os adenovírus humanos (HAdV) são notavelmente resistentes ao ambiente. Estes agentes podem servir como indicadores efetivos de contaminação fecal, tanto quanto podem atuar como agentes causadores de diferentes doenças em seres humanos. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e mais recentemente a PCR quantitativa (qPCR) são amplamente usadas para detecção de agentes virais em matrizes ambientais. No presente estudo, PCR e SYBR(r)Green qPCR foram comparadas para a detecção de HAdV em amostras de água (55) e sedimento (20) provenientes de nascentes, poços, açudes e arroios coletadas em propriedades leiteiras. A metodologia quantitativa detectou HAdV em 87,3% das amostras de água e 80% dos sedimentos, enquanto por PCR convencional a detecção foi de 47,3% e 35%, respectivamente.

SUMMARY Human Adenoviruses (HAdV) are notably resistant in the environment. These agents may serve as effective indicators of fecal contamination, and may act as causative agents of a number of different diseases in human beings. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and, more recently, quantitative PCR (qPCR) are widely used for detection of viral agents in environmental matrices. In the present study PCR and SYBR(r)Green qPCR assays were compared for detection of HAdV in water (55) and sediments (20) samples of spring and artesian wells, ponds and streams, collected from dairy farms. By the quantitative methodology HAdV were detected in 87.3% of the water samples and 80% of the sediments, while by the conventional PCR 47.3% and 35% were detected in water samples and sediments, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000400005 3091 downloads

13.

Editorial note
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Silva, Luciano Basso da

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

; Schmitt, Jairo Lizandro

; Rodrigues, Marco Antônio Siqueira

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Mai 2015, Volume 75 Nº 2

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.7502s1 1248 downloads

14.

MULTIPLEX SYBR® GREEN-REAL TIME PCR (qPCR) ASSAY FOR THE DETECTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF Bartonella henselae AND Bartonella clarridgeiae IN CATS
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Staggemeier, Rodrigo

; Pilger, Diogo André

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

; Cantarelli, Vlademir Vicente

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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Abr 2014, Volume 56 Nº 2 Páginas 93 - 95

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Um novo teste baseado na reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real (qPCR) com SYBR ® Green foi desenvolvido para detectar duas espécies de Bartonella, B. henselae e B. clarridgeiae, diretamente em amostras de sangue. Este teste foi utilizado em amostras de sangue obtidas de gatos que vivem em abrigos de animais do sul do Brasil. Os resultados foram comparados aos obtidos pelo PCR convencional utilizado para a detecção de Bartonella spp. Das 47 amostras analisadas, oito foram positivas no PCR convencional e 12 foram positivas para qPCR. A reação de qPCR, permitiu a detecção da presença simultânea de B. henselae e B. clarridgeiae em duas destas amostras. Os resultados mostram que a qPCR aqui descrita pode ser uma ferramenta confiável para a detecção e diferenciação de duas espécies importantes de Bartonella spp.

A novel SYBR® green-real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was developed to detect two Bartonellaspecies, B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae, directly from blood samples. The test was used in blood samples obtained from cats living in animal shelters in Southern Brazil. Results were compared with those obtained by conventional PCR targeting Bartonella spp. Among the 47 samples analyzed, eight were positive using the conventional PCR and 12 were positive using qPCR. Importantly, the new qPCR detected the presence of both B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae in two samples. The results show that the qPCR described here may be a reliable tool for the screening and differentiation of two important Bartonella species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652014000200001 2868 downloads

15.

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C markers at the population level in the municipality of Caxias do Sul, southern Brazil
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Menegol, Débora

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Dez 2013, Volume 44 Nº 4 Páginas 1237 - 1240

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Chronic viral hepatitis are main public health problems worldwide. Data about the seroprevalence to Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV e HCV) at the population level are scarce on Brazil and especially for the Southern region of the country. The seroprevalence to HBV and HBC antigens was evaluated on a large portion of the population of the municipality of Caxias do Sul (427,858 inhabitants), Brazil. A total of 60,604 individual serum samples collected from 2008 to 2011 were screened for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and for antibodies against HBsAg; anti HCV antibodies were measured by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Overall, 1.63% of the individuals were positive for HBsAg and 1.43% showed seropositivity to HCV. From the total, 31,749 samples were analyzed for HBsAg and 28,855 for HCV. For HBsAg, 519 samples showed positive (1.63%) while the results for 37 patients (0.12%) remained inconclusive. For the anti-HCV test, 412 individuals (1.43%) showed positive. From the positive samples for HBsAg 216 (50.6%) were from male individuals whereas for anti-HCV the seroprevalence was slightly higher for females 216 (52.4%). The higher prevalence for both hepatitis viruses were found among individuals at the age group of 40 to 59 years and the lower levels of positivity for both HBV and HBC were among children and teenagers.

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